雅思大作文話題素材及核心詞匯（下篇）
來源：
小編：環球雅思 4396【同源詞匯】impulsive adj. 沖動的；impulsiveness n. 沖動
【即學即用】Consumers may not actually need the products but they buy them impulsively soon
after they watch the advertisements.
消費者可能并不需要這些產品，他們只是在看完廣告后沖動地就購買了。
propaganda n. 宣傳，鼓吹
【同源詞匯】propagandize vt. 宣傳，對……進行宣傳 vi. 進行宣傳；propagandism n. 宣傳
【同義表達】agitprop n. 宣傳鼓動；publicity n. 宣傳
【經典搭配】make propaganda for 為……宣傳
set up a propaganda 設立……的宣傳機關
【即學即用】The government produced much political propaganda.
政府進行了大量的政治宣傳。
fake adj. 欺騙的，假的，偽造的
【同義表達】false adj. 偽造的；counterfeit adj. 假冒的，偽造的；fraudulent adj. 欺騙性的
【經典搭配】fake/ false advertising 虛假廣告
fake commodities 假冒商品
【即學即用】Fake advertisement attract more and more attentions and become a serious social
problem.
虛假廣告越來越引人關注，成為一個嚴重的社會問題。
fraudulent adj. 欺騙性的，欺詐的，騙人的，不誠實的
【同源詞匯】fraud n. 欺騙； fraudulence n. 欺詐，欺騙性； fraudulency n. 欺詐，騙詐
【同義表達】deceptive adj. 欺詐的；treacherous adj. 奸詐的；fallacious adj. 謬誤的，騙人的；fake adj. 偽造的
【即學即用】Some information on the Internet is misleading and fraudulent.網上一些信息具有誤導性和欺騙性。
trick vt. &vi. 欺騙，哄騙 n. 詭計，計謀
【同義表達】cheat vt.&vi. 欺騙；deceive vt.&vi. 欺騙； fool vt.&vi. 欺騙
【經典搭配】be tricked by 受欺騙
【即學即用】Without the strict censorship, people are constantly tricked by advertisements on TV.
沒有嚴格的監管，人們時常被廣告欺騙。
詞匯拓展
be at one’s trick 捉弄人
play (或 put) a trick on someone 欺騙某人
tricks of the trade 某一門職業或生意的訣竅
dirty tricks 卑鄙的手段
uncensored adj. 未經審查的，無保留的，無約束的
【同源詞匯】censor vt. 審查；censorship n. 審查制度
【經典搭配】uncensored news reports 未受審查的新聞報道
【即學即用】In a sense, uncensored information corrupts children’s minds.
從一定意義上來說，未經審查信息腐蝕小孩的心靈。
exaggeration n. 夸張，夸大之詞，夸張的手法
【同源詞匯】exaggerate vi. 夸大，夸張； exaggerated adj. 夸張的，言過其實的
【同義表達】overstatement n. 大話，夸大的敘述
【即學即用】People buy the products impulsively due to the exaggeration of the advertisements.
由于廣告的夸大宣傳，使人們沖動地購買了某些產品。
over-emphasize 過度強調
【即學即用】Advertising usually over-emphasize the features of the products or the services.
廣告通常會過分地渲染產品或服務。
intrude vi. 侵入，侵擾，打擾
【同源詞匯】intrusion n. 侵入，打擾； intrusive adj. 侵入的，打擾的
【同義表達】encroach vt. 侵犯； trespass vi. 打擾，冒犯
【經典搭配】intrude on (infringe on)someone’s privacy 侵犯隱私
【即學即用】Some paparazzi intrude on stars’ privacy so as to get the sensational news.
狗仔隊為了獲得轟動效應的新聞，會經常侵犯明星們的隱私。
privacy infringement 侵犯隱私
【同義表達】invasion of privacy 侵犯隱私
【即學即用】But do they realize that rapidly advancing information technology can also lead to
privacy infringement?
但是他們有沒有意識到迅速發展的信息技術也能導致侵犯隱私？
nuisance n. 討厭的（東西或事情、行為等），惱人之事，公害
【同義表達】irritation n. 激怒，惱怒；bother n. 麻煩，煩惱； annoyance n. 煩惱
【經典搭配】make oneself a nuisance 被人討厭
【即學即用】Excessive advertising has become a nuisance in most cities of the world.
在大多數的城市中，過多的廣告很令人討厭。
false claim 虛假聲稱
【即學即用】Manufacturers easily make false claims about any product and influence the minds
of the people. For instances, young kids will be easily attracted by the false claims
made in advertisements.
很多廠家對產品虛假宣傳，影響人們的心理，如兒童就很容易受到廣告中不時宣傳的影響。
media hype 媒體炒作，媒體的大肆渲染
【即學即用】There is a big media hype for that new movie.
媒體的大肆渲染新推出的那部電影。
eating habit 飲食習慣
【同義表達】diet n. 飲食
【即學即用】Advertising influences our eating habits. There are ads for hamburgers, hotdogs,
pizzas, beer, candies, cakes, and the list keeps going.
廣告影響著我們的飲食習慣，有漢堡、熱狗、比薩、啤酒、糖果、蛋糕等等的廣告。
environment n. 環境
【即學即用】However, research clearly indicates that alcohol advertising and marketing also have
a significant effect by influencing youth and adult expectations and attitudes, and
helping to create an environment that promotes underage drinking.
然而研究表明酒類的廣告和營銷對年輕人和成年人的預期和態度都有很大的影響，創造了一種氛圍來對未成年飲酒造勢。
expectancy n. 期望，期待
【同源詞匯】expect vt. 期望 vi. 期待
【同義表達】expectation n. 期待，預期；prospect n. 預期
【經典搭配】expectancy of value 預期值
【即學即用】If young people like alcohol ads, they are more likely to have positive expectancies
about alcohol use and to intend to drink.
如果年輕人喜歡酒類廣告，他們就更愿意對飲酒抱有很高的期望，也就很可能喝酒。
perception n. 感覺，知覺，洞察力，看法
【經典搭配】perception and attitudes 觀念和態度
【即學即用】Exposure to alcohol advertising shapes attitudes and perceptions about alcohol use
among young people
酒精廣告能夠塑造青少年對飲酒的態度和觀念。
ramification n. 結果，后果
【即學即用】The consequences and ramifications of the mass media relate not merely to the way
newsworthy events are perceived, but also to a multitude of cultural influences that
operate through the media.
大眾傳媒的帶來的結果是不僅涉及到人們是如何看待那些具有新聞價值的事件，同時也了解影響媒體的文化。
subliminal adj. 潛在意識的
【同源詞匯】subliminally adv. 下意識地；潛意識地
【同義表達】sub-conscious adj. 下意識的
【經典搭配】subliminal advertising 潛意識廣告
【即學即用】Subliminal advertising in magazines is based on the fact that under any
circumstances, you store more information in a fraction of a second--and are
influenced by it--than you are ever consciously aware of.
雜志上的潛意識廣告，會在任何情況下，轉瞬間你就會記住信息，在沒有意識的情況下就受其影響了。
obesity n. 過度肥胖
【同源詞匯】obese adj. 肥胖的，過胖的
【即學即用】There are millions of adolescents fighting obesity, but at the same time they are
exposed to thousands of advertisements of junk food.
成千上完的青少年都在努力地減肥，但與此同時他們接觸大量的垃圾食品廣
告。
exclusively adv. 專有地，排外地，唯一地
【同源詞匯】exclusive adj. 獨有的 n. 獨家新聞
【經典搭配】an exclusive 獨家新聞
exclusive to someone 僅限于……的
【即學即用】Some advertisements including food, toys, music, clothes are designed exclusively
to target children.
有些廣告如食品、玩具、音樂及服裝都是專門針對于兒童的。
influential adj. 有影響的，有勢力的
【同源詞匯】influence n. 影響
【即學即用】The media has a strong social and cultural impact upon society. This is predicated
upon their ability to reach a wide audience with a strong and influential message.
媒體對我們的社會和文化都產生很大的影響。主要在于廣大受眾能夠了解到強有力的信息。
思路拓展
人們生活在廣告的包圍之中 People are bombarded by advertisements。廣告經常向公眾隱瞞真相advertisements withhold the truth from the public，夸大產品的優點exaggerate the advantages of a certain product，但卻掩飾其缺點 hide the drawbacks，因此消費者很容易受到誤導consumers fall victim to the misleading advertisements。同時有些廣告宣揚一種不健康的生活方式advocate the unhealthy life pattern，如 junk food，cigarette and alcohol。年輕人容易受到廣告的不良影響young people are tricked by advertisements so that they purchase some unnecessary products，在廣告所創造的時尚氛圍之中create a fashionable atmosphere，年輕人容易和別人攀比 keep up with the Joneses ，浪費了金錢squander money， 成 為拜 金主義者
money-worshipper。
電視
glue vt. 似用膠固定，使不移動
【經典搭配】glue one’s eyes to… 目不轉睛地看
【即學即用】If children stay glued to the screen, then they will ignore the conversation with family members.
如果孩子們一動不動地看電視，那么他們就會忽略和家里人談話。
思路拓展
negative influences of TV Television makes people physically inactive. It is impossible to stand up and go for a walk when your favorite soap opera is coming up.You leave everything undone and rush to see what happens next and stay glued to the screen till it's over. Then another comes and you slowly but surely turn into a couch potato with health problems as in mental, as in physical field. What makes us glue ourselves to the TV screen and go to bed with a TV on? It's quite time to break the habit and start reading something useful, for example, the article about harm and advantages of watching TV.
excessive adj. 過度的，過多的
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